CoinYQ Dossier

InfiniFi USD: one deposit, three different promises about time

When InfiniFi opened in 2025, the visible action was simple: deposit USDC and receive iUSD. The product’s real invention came after that click. A depositor could stay idle, stake for liquid yield or lock for a slower exit. Each choice told the balance sheet when money might be demanded—and changed who would wait or take the first loss.

May opened the gate; June opened the balance sheet

InfiniFi’s own changelog calls May 27, 2025 a gated launch. Messari dates the public Ethereum mainnet release to June 3. The two dates describe stages, not a contradiction: controlled access came first, then a public product that attracted deposits quickly.

The canonical iUSD receipt and Gateway were already concrete. A USDC deposit produced iUSD, but the protocol did not leave every dollar idle. It divided backing between assets that could exit quickly and positions whose capital would return only after a term or notice period.

Three receipts turn patience into a system input

Plain iUSD sits at the entry and redemption layer and receives no distributed yield. siUSD is the liquid staked position. The thirteen liUSD receipts encode unwind periods from one to thirteen weeks. The longer clock increases reward and voting weight because it gives the allocator more confidence that funds will remain.

A lock does not expire by itself. The holder starts unwinding, waits through the selected period and sees the multiplier decay. On June 14, the team also changed siUSD: reward epochs fell from seven days to eight hours, but ERC-4626 compatibility was sacrificed and the Gateway became necessary for staking and unstaking.

The queue reveals what the one-dollar interface hides

Redemption is immediate when the liquid pool can pay. If it cannot, the request joins a FIFO queue and waits for new deposits or maturing assets. The project’s own bank-run disclosure says an impatient holder may sell on an AMM instead, accepting a discount or slippage.

Liquidity is actively managed rather than guaranteed. Two days after gated launch, the multisig pulled back from a cUSDO maturity farm after thin liquidity and an over-peg prompted a pause. The newer keeper design watches a configurable reserve band and may unwind eligible farms, but caps and farm eligibility mean recovery is not automatic from every asset.

Higher yield buys the first place in the loss line

InfiniFi’s present slashing document places locked-iUSD in a junior tranche. A confirmed impairment permanently lowers the redemption value of all outstanding and unwinding locked positions in proportion. This is the economic exchange behind the higher target yield.

If the junior buffer disappears, losses can reach the senior side. The risk page explicitly allows an iUSD balance reduction in that case, while the newer slashing page calls siUSD the senior instrument. Both place locked positions first in line for losses, but they leave the order between plain iUSD and siUSD unclear after that buffer is exhausted.

A public ledger still needs operators

Locked holders can vote on farm allocation within their duration buckets, but that vote is not root control. GOVERNOR and specialized roles can alter parameters, pause, mint and burn receipts, manage locks and restrict transfers. The published security page identifies the team wallet as a 4-of-7 multisig and gives governance changes one-day or seven-day delays. Those delays provide notice; they do not turn every operational action into a holder vote.

The balance sheet has moved beyond the launch-era Pendle markets. The current catalogue names, among others, FalconX institutional lending with a one-week exit, New Silver property credit with one- or eight-week exits, and Fasanara strategies with monthly NAV or redemption cycles. Contracts also appear on BNB Chain, Plasma and Tempo. iUSD is therefore a receipt on a changing portfolio and its redemption machinery, not a dollar sitting still in one contract.

How the project changed

  1. 2025-03-21
    Formal verification begins

    Certora began reviewing the pre-launch contracts, including redemption ordering, accounting, locks and access controls.

  2. 2025-05-20
    The verification rerun closes

    The reviewed fix commit resolved the high-severity FIFO bypass, while a medium safety-buffer denial-of-service scenario remained acknowledged.

  3. 2025-05-27
    Gated access goes live

    InfiniFi opened controlled access to its deposit, staking and locking system according to the official changelog.

  4. 2025-05-29
    Thin liquidity stops a farm

    The team paused the PT-cUSDO maturity farm because USDO liquidity was thin and pricing was above peg, then withdrew undeployed USDC.

  5. 2025-06-03
    Ethereum mainnet opens publicly

    The public protocol launch let a wider group deposit USDC and choose among iUSD, siUSD and timed locks.

  6. 2025-06-14
    siUSD changes its interface

    YieldSharing moved rewards from seven-day to eight-hour epochs; siUSD lost ERC-4626 compatibility and required the Gateway.

  7. 2025-07-02
    The maturity ladder changes

    Three new Pendle farms were added and a matured, empty cUSDO farm was retired, showing the asset set was designed to turn over.

Evidence and primary sources

Last evidence review: 2026-09-05

What is InfiniFi USD?

InfiniFi USD is the Ethereum iUSD receipt at 0x48f9e38f3070AD8945DFEae3FA70987722E3D89c. A deposit through the Gateway mints iUSD against accepted stablecoin value. iUSD is the liquid accounting claim; siUSD is the staked receipt for liquid-strategy returns; liUSD-1w through liUSD-13w represent locks whose chosen unwind period shapes rewards, votes and first-loss exposure.

What problem does InfiniFi USD solve?

The protocol tries to fund longer-yielding assets without pretending every depositor has the same need for cash. That creates a duration problem: iUSD may be requested now while part of its backing cannot exit until later. InfiniFi asks users who accept slower exits to signal that choice with a lock, then uses those known periods when allocating capital. A queue, rather than a promise of universal instant cash, handles the mismatch.

How does InfiniFi USD work?

USDC enters through the Gateway and iUSD is minted. Unstaked iUSD receives no distributed strategy yield. Staking converts it into siUSD, whose rewards come from liquid farms and whose exit returns iUSD through the Gateway. Locking creates a duration-specific liUSD receipt; starting unwind begins a one-to-thirteen-week countdown and reduces the multiplier. Allocation votes steer farms within eligible duration buckets. Liquid reserves settle redemptions first, while shortfalls queue until new deposits or maturing assets provide funds. Confirmed losses reduce locked positions before reaching senior capital.

Key facts

  • The official changelog records a gated launch on 2025-05-27; Messari dates public Ethereum mainnet launch to 2025-06-03.
  • Ethereum iUSD is 0x48f9e38f3070AD8945DFEae3FA70987722E3D89c; the published Gateway is 0x3f04b65Ddbd87f9CE0A2e7Eb24d80e7fb87625b5.
  • iUSD is a deposit receipt and does not itself receive distributed yield. siUSD receives liquid-strategy returns; liUSD receipts target higher returns by accepting an unwind period and first-loss risk.
  • The 2025-06-14 YieldSharing upgrade changed siUSD reward epochs from seven days to eight hours and ended direct ERC-4626 compatibility, requiring Gateway staking and unstaking.
  • A 2025-05-29 pause of the PT-cUSDO farm over thin liquidity and an over-peg shows that the backing set is actively selected and can be removed.
  • Current reserve logic uses a configurable target, lower bound and per-run withdrawal cap. These are control parameters, not a guarantee that every redemption clears immediately.
  • The current vault catalogue includes liquid DeFi positions and maturity or credit exposures; allocations can change after this review.
  • Locked-iUSD is the junior loss buffer. If confirmed losses exceed it, official risk text allows impairment of the senior layer, including iUSD balance reduction.
  • GOVERNOR and specialized roles cover parameters, pause, receipt minting and burning, lock management and transfer restrictions; security documents identify a 4-of-7 team multisig and one-day and seven-day timelocks.
  • Certora verified a fix for a high-severity FIFO flaw before launch, while a medium exit-denial edge case tied to safety-buffer depletion remained acknowledged.
  • iUSD targets one dollar through protocol accounting and redemption, but a queue, AMM discount or loss rebase can make immediate wallet value differ from par.
  • Current security documentation identifies a 4-of-7 team multisig and one-day and seven-day timelocks.
  • The current vault catalogue includes FalconX lending with a one-week term, New Silver real-estate credit with one- or eight-week exits, and Fasanara strategies with monthly NAV or redemption cycles.

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Frequently asked questions

Is iUSD the same token as siUSD?

No. iUSD records deposited value. A user stakes it into siUSD to receive liquid-strategy yield and returns through the Gateway to iUSD before redemption.

What does locking iUSD change?

It creates a liUSD-xw receipt tied to a one-to-thirteen-week unwind choice. Longer positions get larger reward and voting weight, but locked capital absorbs realized losses first.

Can iUSD always be redeemed in one transaction?

Only while available liquid reserves can cover the request. Otherwise the protocol queues it FIFO until new deposits or maturing positions fund payment. An AMM sale may be faster but can execute below par.

Does the iUSD peg guarantee one dollar on demand?

No. One dollar is the protocol accounting and redemption target. If liquid reserves are short, direct redemption queues; an AMM sale can clear below par, and losses beyond locked capital can reduce senior balances.

Where does the yield come from?

From changing external liquid, maturity and credit strategies listed by the protocol. Displayed APYs are projections, and losses or lower rates can reduce the result.

Why did siUSD stop being ERC-4626 compatible?

The June 14, 2025 YieldSharing upgrade shortened reward epochs to eight hours to reduce dilution during growth. The project says the change broke ERC-4626 compatibility, so the Gateway became the supported stake and unstake path.

Who can change the system?

Protocol roles can pause functions, change parameters, mint or burn receipt tokens, manage locks and restrict transfers. A 4-of-7 team multisig can execute governance changes after one-day or seven-day delays, while keepers and emergency roles operate narrower paths; iUSD holders have no published veto.

Does the audit guarantee redemption?

No. Certora verified specific code properties and a fix. It also left an acknowledged safety-buffer condition that could block exits during continuing small losses, and it does not remove strategy or liquidity risk.

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