CoinYQ Dossier

Meteora turned its token launch into a liquidity position

When MET launched on October 23, 2025, some recipients received a position in the market itself. Meteora used its own pool technology to distribute the token and seed trading at the same time. The next question was whether those launch incentives could become a lasting relationship between liquidity providers, the protocol’s fee income and MET.

Mercurial’s legacy met the risks of token launches

Meteora inherited more than Mercurial Finance’s technology. Its Genesis Summary traces the predecessor’s 2021 SAFT financing and MER launch on FTX, followed by a post-collapse Phoenix Plan snapshot. The successor allocation reserved 20% of MET for that earlier community, including 5% withheld for FTX-affected retail holders pending checks and settlement. The new token therefore carried an unfinished distribution problem from the old project.

The liquidity tools also put Meteora close to controversial launches. LIBRA’s February 2025 collapse was followed by co-founder Ben Chow’s resignation and an announced independent investigation. Investors later alleged coordinated manipulation of M3M3 and LIBRA; Chow said his involvement was limited to technical support. The reviewed litigation materials do not establish a final fraud ruling. For Meteora, the dispute concerned how its launch machinery was used and who benefited, before MET itself began trading. Genesis later assigned M3M3 stakeholders 2% of total MET supply from the team’s original 20% allocation, leaving 18% for the team; it described this as recognition of Meteora’s role in attracting those holders.

The airdrop became a demonstration of the product

The October launch used that machinery on Meteora’s own token. Its annual report records 380,250,599 MET distributed: 286,530,709 as direct claims and 93,719,890 through NFTs representing single-sided positions in a MET/USDC DAMM v2 pool. The pool opened at $0.50 per MET. About a quarter of the distributed tokens arrived already positioned to supply liquidity and earn fees, exposing recipients to market-making rather than just a balance in a wallet.

That realized distribution is a different measure from the 480 million described as circulating at TGE, which included reserved or not immediately claimable tokens. The legal white paper further complicates the comparison by stating 470 million and a different retained allocation and vesting schedule. Subsequent financial reports describe actual unlocks under the larger circulating model, but they do not erase the conflicting legal document.

Taking more fees brought a reinvestment test

On May 19, 2026, Meteora doubled standard DLMM’s protocol share from 5% to 10% of trading fees. LPs consequently kept 90% instead of 95%; traders’ total swap charge was not increased by that split. The team committed $500,000 to growth initiatives and argued that reinvestment could attract enough activity to benefit LPs. Its H1 report found retention broadly steady over six weeks, while explicitly acknowledging that the window could miss a slower departure of capital.

Treasury spending also included MET buybacks, whose execution deserves its own accounting. The Q1 report disclosed a $1.5 million loss in an attempted OTC buyback and said a police report was filed; that is the team’s account, not a finding of criminal liability. H1 reports $1 million of purchases in Q1 and none in Q2. At June 30, 38.8 million MET sat in the buyback wallet and its LP positions, more than the 36.0 million purchased since inception because positions also accumulated tokens. Those holdings reduced the project’s estimated trading float, without being the same thing as token burns.

The last points season gave way to referral staking

July brought a more direct connection to MET. Season 2 became the final points season, with 20 million MET allocated to eligible LPs. A referral staking campaign began its first rewards cycle on July 21, paying USDC from DLMM protocol fees. It reserved one portion for stakers and another for the people bringing LPs into the product. This was an implemented, initially three-month experiment; the older white paper’s future engagement-point language no longer described the whole token experience.

The experiment asks participants to stay through a cycle and bring activity that actually produces eligible fees. Its referral capacity is a cap, not income created merely by locking more MET. August feedback exposed competition among users sharing a referrer’s cap and led the team to propose a different allocation. Meteora’s next test is consequently concrete: whether fee-funded referrals can retain productive liquidity after points have ended, and whether the rules and settled rewards remain understandable to the people supplying it.

How the project changed

  1. 2025-02
    Chow leaves during the LIBRA controversy

    His resignation and a proposed independent investigation followed the launch; allegations and denials remained distinct.

  2. 2025-10-23
    MET launches through direct claims and LP positions

    The LGE simultaneously distributed tokens and seeded the MET/USDC DAMM v2 market.

  3. 2026-05-19
    Standard DLMM protocol share doubles

    The protocol takes 10% of trading fees, reducing the LP share from 95% to 90%.

  4. 2026-07-21
    Referral staking starts its first rewards cycle

    The initially three-month campaign connects eligible MET staking and referrals to DLMM fee revenue.

Evidence and primary sources

Last evidence review: 2026-09-05

What is Meteora?

Meteora builds Solana liquidity pools and token-launch tools. DLMM lets liquidity providers choose price ranges, DAMM v2 represents positions with NFTs, and DBC moves launches from a bonding curve into a trading pool. MET is its separate SPL token. Since July 2026, eligible staking can earn campaign rewards funded by DLMM protocol fees; simply holding MET does not collect every pool’s fees.

What problem does Meteora solve?

Liquidity does not appear just because a token launches. Someone must commit assets, choose prices and remain exposed while traders use them. Meteora offers configurable pools and tools for that work. Its later incentive problem was how to reward people who attract new LPs without continuing indefinite points seasons; referral staking makes the link to actual fees more explicit.

How does Meteora work?

DLMM divides liquidity into price bins and can raise variable fees with volatility. A position outside the active price range stops earning trading fees until price returns or it is repositioned. DAMM v2 uses configurable constant-product pools and position NFTs; DBC can migrate completed curves into DAMM liquidity. LP fees belong to the relevant position, subject to its configuration and locks.

Current documentation allocates standard DLMM trading fees 90% to LPs and 10% to the protocol, launch-pool fees 80/20, and limit-order fees 50/50. DAMM v2 uses 80/20; DBC’s 80% trading-fee share is divided between partner and creator. Host or referral amounts come from the protocol side, rather than adding a new swap charge.

The July referral campaign reserves 10% of eligible DLMM protocol fees for MET staking and another 10% for referrals. Rewards are USDC. Staking starts at 200 MET and rewards depend on amount and duration. Under the published launch rules, one MET provides 0.10 USDC of referral capacity per cycle, with 80% of the cap for the referrer and 20% shared by referred users. This is a ceiling, not a promised return. August proposals would alter referred-user caps; proposal status alone does not establish implementation.

Key facts

  • Canonical Solana MET mint: METvsvVRapdj9cFLzq4Tr43xK4tAjQfwX76z3n6mWQL. Finalized slot 444454517 showed six decimals, 997,733,800.069212 outstanding, and null mint and freeze authorities.
  • Initial issuance was one billion MET. The docs record a team burn of 2,261,990 on October 25, 2025; buyback holdings are a different category and are not automatically burned.
  • Current allocation table: MER holders 15%, MER reserve 5%, LP stimulus 15%, launchpads 3%, off-chain contributors 2%, Jupiter stakers 3%, M3M3 plan 2%, TGE reserve 3%, team 18%, Meteora reserve 34%. The MER reserve was discretionary, subject to verification and settlement.
  • Docs and the annual report use 480M/48% circulating at TGE; MiCAR uses 470M/47% and 530M retained. Docs show a one-month cliff and 72-month vest for team/reserve; MiCAR says 12 and 60 months with a 35% reserve. These documents have not been reconciled.
  • The H1 report describes 7,222,222 MET monthly unlocks and a May 2026 move of a year of team tokens into Jupiter Lock, vesting through February 28, 2027 without added emissions. This is the reported implementation, not a correction of the MiCAR text.
  • Genesis describes Squads v3/v4 treasury controls using 4-of-7 or 3-of-5 thresholds. Current signers and all pool/staking upgrade authorities were not independently mapped. Null token authorities do not make every Meteora program immutable.
  • Meteora Comet Limited’s MiCAR paper denies MET holders ownership, voting, governance or profit-sharing rights in the Foundation, protocol or affiliates, as well as dividends, redemption and repayment claims. The limited referral campaign is a separate operational reward mechanism, not blanket equity or treasury ownership.
  • Season 2 allocated 20M MET and scheduled claims July 21–October 21, 2026. It ended the points seasons; the old engagement-points roadmap should not replace the newer referral campaign’s rules.

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Frequently asked questions

Does holding MET earn all Meteora fees?

No. LP positions earn their pool fees; the July campaign pays eligible staking and referral rewards from specified DLMM protocol fees. A wallet holding unstaked MET is not automatically enrolled.

Which pools count for referral rewards?

The launch rules cover eligible DLMM pools quoted in SOL or USDC. Blacklisted pools, DLMM limit orders and DAMM v2 are excluded; the program began as a three-month experiment.

What happens if I unstake during a cycle?

The published launch rules forfeit that cycle’s accrued staking and referral rewards. Referred users linked to that referrer also lose their pending referral rewards for the cycle, though their own staking rewards are unaffected.

Are buybacks supply burns?

Not necessarily. The H1 report says purchased MET stays in a dedicated wallet and LP positions. Holdings can grow through fees and inventory changes as well as purchases, so holdings, purchases, float and minted supply are different measures.

Did a court establish the LIBRA allegations?

The reviewed counsel account presents allegations, and Chow’s denial appears in a separate court opinion. That October 2025 opinion denied an Argentina-creditor discovery request; it did not decide the token-fraud merits. No final merits outcome is established by these sources.

Does MET replace MER one for one?

The project describes continuity through a defined allocation, including a discretionary reserve for FTX-affected holders. MET is a new mint; the history does not establish an unconditional one-for-one conversion or recovery claim.

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