Oasis rose

Oasis Network is a Layer 1 decentralized blockchain designed around scalability, privacy, and versatility. Its defining architecture separates a proof-of-stake consensus layer from a compute layer made of parallel ParaTimes, allowing different execution environments to share the network while processing workloads independently.

The network is oriented toward applications that need confidential data and verifiable execution. Oasis documentation describes confidential ParaTimes as secure-compute environments in which encrypted inputs are processed inside trusted execution environments (TEEs), preventing node operators or application developers from seeing the underlying data.

Its current developer stack includes Sapphire, an EVM-compatible confidential ParaTime, and ROFL (Runtime Off-Chain Logic), a framework for running applications in TEEs while anchoring management and verification through Sapphire. These components target private DeFi, trustless agents, confidential oracles, identity, gaming, DAOs, tokenized assets, and verified payments.

Public blockchains make execution and state broadly observable, which is useful for auditability but unsuitable for many financial, business, identity, and consumer applications. Running complex computation entirely on-chain can also be costly and slow; moving it off-chain improves practicality but ordinarily sacrifices verifiability.

Oasis addresses this trade-off by combining on-chain consensus and policy enforcement with confidential execution. TEEs keep data encrypted from infrastructure operators while attestations and cryptographic verification let users check what code ran, although the security model still depends on the enclave hardware, correct application logic, and careful handling of outputs.

The consensus layer is a high-throughput proof-of-stake network run by decentralized validators. The ParaTime layer hosts replicated compute environments, each with its own execution rules and state. Because ParaTimes run in parallel, a demanding workload in one runtime need not slow simpler transactions in another; developers can create ParaTimes with different VM choices, committee models, hardware requirements, and permission settings.

Sapphire is the network's confidential EVM ParaTime. It supports end-to-end encrypted state, confidential randomness, EVM-based dApp integration, cross-chain bridges, and one-block (approximately six-second) finality according to the official docs. Developers can adapt Solidity/EVM applications while using Sapphire's privacy features rather than exposing all contract inputs and state publicly.

ROFL extends the model to off-chain applications. A ROFL app runs on Oasis nodes inside a TEE, packaged either as a container or executable, with SGX/TDX-based privacy and integrity, auditable updates, a built-in key-management service, and permissionless registration/management including billing. Sapphire smart contracts can verify ROFL transaction origin, allowing off-chain computation to return verifiable results without disclosing private inputs. ROSE is the native token used for fees, staking, delegation, governance voting, rewards, and dApp-specific purposes; tokens can move between the consensus ledger and ParaTimes via deposits and withdrawals.